The influence of soil amendments (fly ash and stabilized biosolids) on Meloidogyne hapla in microplots planted with tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

The use of amendments composed of fly ash and stabilized biosolids were evaluated for managing Meloidogyne hapla on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum P. Mill.). Amendment ratios of biosolids and fly ash were established based on international guidelines and previous studies for the use of biosolids and fly ash in soils. The field trial included amendments of 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15% (w/w) of biosolids and 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15% w/w) of a 50:50 mixture of fly ash and biosolids. Changes in parameters that might affect nematode viability were monitored including electrical conductivity, pH, biocontrol agents (bacterial and fungal colony forming units), and plant yield. Tomato plants grown with amendments showed improved yields relative to controls in the presence of nematode infestation. None of the amendments altered EC, pH or CFU enough to impact nematode populations.