Suspension Rheology, Porosity and Mechanical Strength of Porous Hydroxyapatite Obtained by Gel-casting and Infiltration

The gel-casting technique (GC) and infiltration of polymer foam combined with gel-casting (IG) were used to produce hydroxyapatite porous bodies. Due to the fact that the process begins with the preparation of the suspensions, it is necessary to know the rheological properties of the ceramic slurry. This is a critical factor needed to optimize the mechanical strength of the porous body obtained. Therefore, the rheological behavior of various HA slurries was assessed. 40 and 50% solids and three different monomers were evaluated. Subsequently, the compressive strength and porosity of the porous bodies obtained were evaluated. The results revealed that the chemical composition of each monomer can affect the dispersion and rheological properties of the suspension, which directly affects the mechanical properties of the porous bodies. The porous bodies obtained by the GC technique showed strengths higher than those obtained by IG compression. The control executed over the rheology of the suspension was more effective in bodies produced by GC, because IG pyrolysis of polyurethane foam also influenced the mechanical properties of the final product.