Mastitis granulomatosa: un reto radiológico

Introduction: Granulomatous mastitis is a benign chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, and a good prognosis, however, it is an entity of difficult diagnosis due to its nonspecific findings and variability in differential diagnoses. Objective: To provide useful tools in the timely diagnosis of granulomatous mastitis with its main imaging findings. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the imaging findings in 17 women with histopathological diagnosis of granulomatous mastitis between January 2017 and March 2019 with a literature review of the subject. Results: Of 17 patients with a histopathological outcome of granulomatous mastitis, 15 were initially assessed with ultrasonography, finding that 53.3% had a heterogeneous hypoechoic mass followed by tubular extensions in 46.6%, in addition 26.6% pre-sented a circumscribed mass, axillary lymph node or collection. Only one patient underwent to mammography, in which a focal asymmetry of breast tissue was found. A magnetic resonance imaging was performed on a patient with no mass and cutaneous fistula also had a fistula equivalent to 6.6% of complication. Conclusion: Our imaging findings of our patients are consistent with the literature. We have identified the radiological characteristics mainly focused on ultrasound.