Factores asociados a alopecia no cicatricial en mujeres adultas, estudio transversal entre enero diciembre 2013

Introduction. Alopecia refers to the pathological loss of hair in any form and within any place of the skin surface. This medical condition is divided into two large groups: cicatricial and nonscarring alopecia. Although the second type of Alopecia is a prevalent pathology, it has not been recorded among Latin- American population. Objective. To establish the prevalence and variables associated with alopecia that are relevant to the study population. Methodology. Analytical observational study that was carried out from January to December of 2013. This one reviewed 169 medical records of women over the age
of 18 that had nonscarring alopecia. The statistical analysis was made using EPI Info version 7. Results. The average age of the reviewed medical cases for this study was 38.5 and the estimated prevalence for nonscarring alopecia was 12.1%. 35.5% (IC 95% 28.31-43.22) was diagnosed as female pattern of hair loss; 19.53% (IC 95% 13.84-26.31) was diagnosed as mixed alopecia and alopecia areata, followed by chronic telogen effluvium with 17.16% (IC 95% 11.8-23.7). The great majority of patients had significant medical histories, mostly those associated with hypothyroidism with a 20.47% (IC 95% 13.8-28.5). Among the patients that were studied, the average rate for ferritin, thyrotropin and hemoglobin was 76.65 mcg/L, 3.08 ml U/L and 13.81 grams/dl respectively. The study showed a positive association between the alopecia type and ferritin rates (p < 0.0001). Conclusions. This study concludes that reduced rates of serum ferritin are related with telogen effluvium pathophysiology and that this condition does not occur in thyroid disorders.